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most dominant is hyperbole, that is 31 data. And then, the third is, Agustina Budiarti. (2017).“Analysis of Figurative Language on Song Lyrics Provided In “Pathway To English”Textbook Published by Erlangga for Eleventh Grades of Senior High School”. The IslamicInstitute State of Surakarta Malang. The problems of this research are the types of figurativelanguage that found in song lyrics provided in “Pathway to English” textbook for eleventh gradeand the song topic selection provided in “Pathway to English” textbook for eleventh gradebased on curriculum. The objectives of the research is find out and describes the types offigurative language that found in song lyrics provided in “Pathway of English” textbook foreleventh grade and to show the song topic selection provided in “Pathway to English” textbookfor eleventh grade suitable based on curriculum. The researcher classified into twelveexpression of figurative language according to Perrine’s theory. They are simile, metaphor,personification, apostrophe, synecdoche, metonymy, symbol, allegory, paradox, hyperbole,litotes, and irony. The method that used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. Theresult of the research found 17 data, such as personification are 2 data, hyperbole expression are7 data, simile is 1 data, metaphor are 6 data and the last litotes is 1 data. From the research, theresearcher concludes the highest number of figurative language on song material in “Pathway toEnglish” textbook is hyperbole expression which has 7 data. The fewest number of figurativelanguages are in the simile expression and litotes expression which has 1 data.The similarities between those three previous researches and this research are weexamined figurative language that contain in song lyrics, and some differences between thisresearch and the other three researches are song contradiction that to be analyzed. The firstresearcher examined the figurative language contained in the five John Legend’s song. While,the second researcher examined the figurative language contained on Song Lyrics Provided in“Pathway To English” Textbook Published by Erlangga for Eleventh Grades of Senior HighSchool. The last researcher examined the figurative language contained in the song lyrics byMaheir Zein. Meanwhile, in this research, the writer analyzed figurative language in DanielCaesar’s song.From the similarities and the difference that have been explained below, the result isthat the writer in this research will focus on finding out the figurative language in five songlyrics of Daniel Caesar in Freudian album. The five song lyrics are Best Part, Get You,Transform, Hold Me Down and Neu Roses.The problem of the research is what kinds of figurative language are found in five songlyrics of Freudian album by Daniel Caesar and the objective of the research is to find out thekinds of figurative language in five song lyrics of Freudian album by Daniel Caesar.The significance of the research is we can know the figurative language which iscontained in the song lyric that we listen every day. Also, we can learn what is the figurativelanguage and kind of figurative language.RESEARCH METHODAccording to Creswell (1998), he said “qualitative research in an inquiry process ofunderstanding based on distinct methodological traditions of inquiry that explore a social orhuman problem.”(p.15) Research method is method which is used to collect and analyse thedata in research. In this research, the writer used qualitative research. Qualitative researchmethod is a type of research method about descriptive research and tends to use analysis.Furthermore, qualitative research is a type of social science research that collects the data nonnumerical and more focus to the meanings, concepts definitions, characteristics, metaphors,symbols, and description of things. The writer wants to find out the type of figurative languagewhich is often used in the song lyrics.Source of data from this research is five song lyrics of Daniel Caesar’s album whichentitled Freudian. The title of three song lyrics are Get You, Best Part, Transform, Hold MeDown and Neu Roses lyrics. All of the songs tell about someone who is in love and how muchhe admires his partner. The writer chose these five songs because all of those have good

meanings. Data that used in this research is the figurative sentence that contained in five songlyrics by Daniel Caesar album.Daniel caesar has three albums. The first album is praise break which was released inSeptember 22, 2014. In the praise break album there are seven songs, including End of theRoad, Violet, Chevalier, Casablanca, We'll Always Have Paris, Pseudo and Porn Star. DanielCaesar's second album, Pilgrim's Paradise, was released on November 12, 2015. Pilgrim'sParadise also has seven songs in it, namely Trinity Bellwoods, Death & Taxes, Paradise, ACappella, Streetcar, Show No Regret, and the last song is Little Rowboat. Daniel Caesar's thirdalbum is Freudian. Freudian album realeased on August 25, 2017. In Freudian album there areten songs namely Hold Me Down, Neu Roses, Loose, We Find Love, Blessed, Take Me Away,Transform, Get You, Best Part and the last song in this song is Freudian the same as the albumtitle.Daniel Caesar has a good voice. He is a Canadian Grammy-nominated R&B singer whobecame famous after the release of his first two EPs. He also gets two Grammy nominations forthe Best R&B Album (Freudian) and Best R&B Performance (Get You) both in 2018. Othernominations are at the Juno Awards where he also won a couple of awards, as well as at theiHeart Radio Much Music Video Awards. The writer listened the song of Daniel Caesar inapplication on Spotify and read the lyric in https://www.google.com/The first step before the writer analyzed data is the writer collected the data. The stepsin collecting the data are; first, The writer listened all songs in Freudian album by DanielCaesar. Second, Listened to all songs in other to get the chosen songs that contained figurativelanguage. Third, the writer chose five of ten songs in Freudian album. The five songs thatcontained figurative language are Best Part , Get You, Transform, Hold Me Down and NeuRoses lyrics. Fourth, the writer read Best Part, Get You, Transform, Hold Me Down and NeuRoses lyric repeatedly. Fifth, the writer read the lyrics to understand and found the figurativelanguage contained in the lyrics of the song. Sixth, the writer identified figurative language thatused in five song lyrics of Freudian album by underlining lyrics.The next step after collecting the data is the writer analyzed the data. The steps inanalysing the data are; first, the writer classified the data which have found into kinds offigurative language (Simile, Hyperbole, Personification, Metaphor, paradox, synecdoche, andirony). Then, the writer made conclusion after analysing the data.RESULT AND DISCUSSIONIn analysing the data, the writer used Perrine’s theory about kinds of figurative languageas the basic. Perrine (1992) divided types of figurative language, such as:SimileSimile is a means of comparing things that are essentially unlike. In simile, thecomparison is expressed by the use of some words or phrases, such as like, as, than, similar to,resembles, or seems (Perrine, 1992, p. 61)Examples:1. Her eyes are like a star, east star.2. Float like a butterfly, sting like a bee.The first example is the word “eyes” and “east star”, expression can be called explicitcomparison because it express those words with the same purpose. For the second example, theword “float and sting”, this is comparison two things between Butterfly and Bee. Theconclusion from those sentences is both of them using word “like” which show that type offigurative language is Simile.

MetaphorMetaphor is comparing that are essentially unlike (Perrine, 1992, p. 61). Metaphor is animplied comparison between two unlike things that actually have something important incommon. A metaphor is a comparison in which one thing is said to be another. It involves animplied comparison between two basically unlike things.Examples:1. Library is science of field.2. He has a heart of stone.The first meaning is a library is a place where people can fine many kinds of books. It iscompared with science filed because both library and science field have the same attribute thatis they can add knowledge. The second one, the meaning of heart of stone is the man cannotaccept opinion from others because his heart is hard like a stone.PersonificationPersonification is giving the attributes of human being to an animal, an object, or aconcept (Perrine, 1992, p. 64). Personification is a figurative that gives object, animal, idea orabstraction with human character of sensibility. One of the most familiar kinds of comparison ispersonification that is speaking something which is not human as human abilities.Personification is representing a thing, quality, or idea as a person.Examples:1. The moon smile at us.2. The sun played hide and seek with the clouds.The first statement is the satellite (moon) shine in the all the world. The meaning of thesecond statement is the weather of that day is always changes. So, the both of the sentencesabove describe the moon and the sun is simile and played as human does.ApostropheClosely related to personification is apostrophe. (Perrine, 1992, p. 65) state thatapostrophe which consists in addressing someone absent or dead or something nonhuman as ifthat person or thing were present and alive and could reply to what is being said.Examples:1. Sun, today is very cool.2. Soekarno, I am not the stage.The first example, the word “Sun” is addressing to the day in the winter day. Thisexpression going to apostrophe expression because it is expressing that this day is cool, and allpeople need sun to warm up their body. For the second example, the statement “Soekarno, I amon the stage now” addressing someone that had dead. The conclusion from those sentences istransferring of mandate form the something non-human or someone absent which is addressedas if it were alive and present. It is the kind of figurative language in apostrophe.SynecdocheSynecdoche is the use of the part for the whole (Perrine, 1992, p. 65). This is substitutesome significant details or aspect of an experience for the experience itself. In synecdoche onename is substituted for another, whose meaning is less or cognate with its own.Examples:1. His word can be thruster.2. All eyes on meThat first sentence is meaning that he is a person that can be trusted through his speak.The word of “his word”, it represents the whole of statement or conversation that his wordcannot be trusted. The next sentence is meaning that all of people are looking at her. The word“all eyes”, it represents the whole of people that looking to her. The conclusion above, thewords “His word and All eyes” have already represented from anything.

MetonymyMetonymy is the use of something closely related for the thing actually meant (Perrine,1992, p. 615). Metonymy is used when someone wants to substitute a concrete thing withanother thing which is closely associated with it.Examples:1. The White House decided new regulation.2. The pen is mightier than the sword.The meaning from the first word is “White House” in this sentence is associated orclosely related to “The House President”. It is said house president because in Americancountry, the president stay in white house. The meaning of the next sentence is describe notonly sword, weapon, knife that can hurt of someone else, but pen can hurt other as sharp assword. The both of sentences are closely related to the thing actually meant.SymbolA symbol may be roughly defined as something that means more than what it is(Perrine, 1992, p. 80)Examples:1. The white rose is a dove.2. Music is nature’s pain killer.The meaning of the first example is each a dove is used to express a pure of flowerswhite rose. White rose imitate as a symbol dove that have a meaning peace love. Dove isreputed as initial loyalty into love. While, the second examples show that the music asneutralize to the people sick naturally. Music also always reputed as a complement of life.AllegoryAccording to Perrine (1992), “Allegory is a narrative or description that has a secondmeaning beneath the surface” (p. 88). Although the surface story or description may have itsown interest, the author’s major interest is in the ulterior meaning.Examples:1. Mouse deer and Crocodile2. The rich man and the poor manThe meaning of the first example is about animal’s life, famous story have moral valuethat can be lesson to our life. While, the second examples almost like the first statement thathave moral value or moral message, but that story’s is telling about someone (people) from thereal story like a reality show.ParadoxA paradox is an apparent contradiction that is nevertheless somehow true (Perrine,1992, p. 100). Paradox is a statement that seem contradiction, unbelievable or absurd but thatmay be true in fact. It may either be situation or a statement. Its seeming impossibility startlesthe reader into attention and, by the fact of it is apparent absurdity, underscores the truth of whatis being said.Examples:1. There is a life after death2. He was dead in the middle of the riches.The first sentence is a contradiction because some people do not believe that there oslife after death. The meaning of the second statement is the man was dead when he was in thetop in his riches has much money. The both of example are contradictory statement because ithas make sense.

Hyperbole (overstatment)Overstatement or hyperbole is simply exaggeration but exaggeration in the service oftruth (Perrine, 1992, p. 101). Overstatement may be used with a variety of effects. It may behumorous or grave, fanciful or restrained, convincing or unconvincing.Examples:1. I have told you that million times.2. I had to walk 15 miles to school in the snow, uphill.The first sentence contain exaggeration or overstatement, because the speaker did notreally mean to what he/she has said it is impossible for human being to speak a million times.The meaning of the second sentence is he walks to school in the snow it make like walk so farlike 15 miles away. Both of statement above is expression of over-statement.Litotes (understatement)According to Perrine (1992), “Understatement or litotes is saying less than one means,may exist in what one says or merely in how one says it” (p. 102). It is kind of understatementwhere the speakers use negative of a word ironically, to mean the opposite.Examples:1. Welcome to my ugly palace.2. It’s nothing just a scratchThe meaning of the first example is a luxury place, where the king lives with luxurious.Then, the meaning of second example is actually he or she got being injury, until brought to thehospital. The author of poems uses negative of word ironically to mean the opposite.IronyAccording to Perrine (1992), “Verbal irony is saying the opposite of what one means. Ina simple form, verbal irony means the opposite of what is being said” (p. 104). Irony has ameaning that extends beyond its use merely as a figure of speech. Irony, on the other hand, is aliterary device or that may be used in the service of sarcasm or ridicule or may not.Examples:1. Your voice is so good that makes me hurt.2. You are so discipline because you come the meeting at 08.00 o’clock.The meaning of the first statement “your voice - makes me hurt” is the contestantactually has bad singing, but we are say good for appreciate on the beginning word. Themeaning of the second example “you are so discipline – come the meeting at 08.00 o’clock” isthe employee come too late at the meeting. The statement above is a contrast between whathappens and what has been expected to happen.After that, below are the result of figurative language that contained in five song lyricsof Freudian album by Daniel Caesar and they are presented along with the analysis below:Data FindingsThe writer found seven figurative languages that found in five songs on the Freudianalbum by Daniel Caesar. The first figurative language is simile, the second figurative ishyperbole, the third figurative language is personification and the fourth is metaphor, the fifth issynecdoche, the sixth is irony, and the seventh figurative language is paradox. Each figurativelanguage has different data, those are, similes have 5 data, hyperboles have 11 data,personifications have 5 data, metaphors have 10 data, synecdoche has 1 data, irony has 1 dataand paradox has 1 data. The total of data which writer has found is 34 data. It is shown in thistable below:

No1.2.3.4.5.6.7.Figurative cdocheIronyParadoxTotalData51151011134After finding 34 data, the writer classified one by one the data that has been obtainedbased on Perrine's theory chosen by the writer as follows:1. Best Part LyricsNo1.2.3.4.5.DataThis feels like summerYou’re the coffee that I like in the morningYou’re sunshine when the rain it’s pouringYou’re my water when I stuck in the desertYou’re the Tylenol I take when my head hurts.Figurative LanguageSimileMetaphorMetaphorMetaphorMetaphorData no. 1This feels like summerThe word “like” is the one of the character in simile. In the lyrics the song writercomparing “feels” and “summer”. “summer” described someone feeling will be warm likesummer when they are falling in love.Data no. 2You’re the coffee that I like in the morning.In this lyric the song writer compare human with “coffee”. As we know coffee is adrink and it was really good to start your activity in the morning like what was written in thelyrics.Data no. 3You’re sunshine when the rain it’s pouring.The song writer compare human with “sunshine” because, the word “sunshine” in thislyrics had the meaning “happiness” and the word “rain” meant “sad”. So, when someone feltsad and there was someone else who came to bring the happiness, so they would be happyagain.Data no. 4You’re my water when I stuck in the desert.The song writer compare human with “water”. In this lyrics the word “water” meant“savior”. As we know, desert has a lot of sand, and also the desert is very dry and hot. So, it feltsafe when they saw a lot of water like oasis.

Data no. 5You’re the Tylenol I take when my head hurts.The song writer compare human with “Tylenol”. Tylenol, also was known asacetaminophen or APAP is medicine used to treat the pain and fever. In this song, “Tylenol”had meaning healer, and the word “head” in this song meant “heart”. So, when your heart washurt by someone, then there would be someone else to heal your pain and make you felt better.2. Get You LyricsNo1.2.3.DataBoy you make me feel so alive.Boy you’ll lead me to paradise.You’re cries they can be heard form far and wide.Figurative LanguageHyperboleHyperboleHyperboleData no. 1Boy you make me feel so alive.The underline sentence of this song is absolutely hyperbole. The song writer made theboy as if source of life the girl. In facts, no one can make somebody else’s so alive except God.Data no. 2Boy you’ll lead me to paradise.The lyrics in this song is really hyperbole, because it was impossible that “the boy”could lead someone to paradise. Your faith of the God will lead you to paradise.Data no. 3You’re cries they can be heard form far and wide.The sentence is really exaggereate. As we know, when someone cried, they tried toprevent others from hearing their cries.3. Transform LyricsNo1.2.3.4.56.7.8.9.10.11.DataBut Ego’s in the wayThat anger will fade awayAnd I'll be your goddess and you a part of meLay down your pride, lay down with meSo ugly but you love meAin’t it funny, Now you're moneyAct like you don't know nobodyWhat goes round gon' come back aroundYou're my violet in the sunCan’t quit you, you're like drugsSaved my soul like JesusFigurative ileSimileData no. 1But Ego’s in the wayThe sentence indicated personification expression in the lyrics. The song writerdescribed the ego like a human that could walk in the way. In fact, ego is feeling in our heartand our mind.

Data no. 2That anger will fade awayThe sentence indicated personification expression in the lyrics. The song writerdescribed the anger like a human that could fade away. In fact, anger is feeling in our heart andour mind.Data no. 3And I'll be your goddess and you a part of meThe sentence indicated synecdoche expression in the lyrics. In the sentence, the songwriter described that someone became a part from a whole other someone.Data no. 4Lay down your pride, lay down with meThe sentence indicated personification expression in the lyrics. The song writerdescribed the pride like a human that could lay down with him. In fact, pride is feeling in ourheart and our mind.Data no. 5So ugly but you love meThe sentence indicated irony expression in the lyrics because the song writer describedopposite what the meaning and what is being said. It is usually used to tease someone orhimself.Data no. 6Ain’t it funny, Now you're moneyThe sentence indicated metaphor expression in the lyrics because the song writerdescribed the word “you” compared with “his money”. It involves an implied comparisonbetween two basically unlike things.Data no. 7Act like you don't know nobodyThe sentence indicated simile expression in the lyrics because the song writer describedthe word “act” compared with “you don’t know nobody”, the comparison is expressed byused word “like”.Data no. 8What goes round gon' come back aroundThe sentence indicated paradox expression in the lyrics because the song writerdescribed the word “goes round” contradicted with the word “ come back” in one sentence.Data no. 9You're my violet in the sunThe sentence indicated metaphor expression in the lyrics because the song writerdescribed the word “you” compared with “my violet in the sun”. It involves an impliedcomparison between two basically unlike things.Data no. 10Can’t quit you, you're like drugsThe sentence indicated simile expression in the lyrics because the song writer describedthe word “you” compared with “drugs”, the comparison is expressed by used word “like”.

Data no. 11Saved my soul like JesusThe sentence indicated simile expression in the lyrics because the song writer describedthe word “my soul” compared with “Jesus”, the comparison is expressed by used word“like”.4. Hold Me Down LyricNo1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.DataI know I'm your favoriteI got this girl she's making me crazyPussy so good it sets me on fireYou’re fly girlBut you’re headed to maybeI’ll take the time treat you like a ladyMy life’s a spectacle, a sad storyY

litotes, simile, allusion, repetition, symbolic, and enumeration. Hyperbole the most dominant types of figures in John Legend’s selected songs. Next, the second is, Qurrotul’ain. (2013). “An Analysis of Figurative Language In The Song Lyrics By Maher Zain”. Syekh Nurjati State Institute For